Is atherosclerosis fundamental to human aging? Lessons from ancient mummies.
Identifieur interne : 000233 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000232; suivant : 000234Is atherosclerosis fundamental to human aging? Lessons from ancient mummies.
Auteurs : Emily M. Clarke [États-Unis] ; Randall C. Thompson [États-Unis] ; Adel H. Allam [Égypte] ; L Samuel Wann [États-Unis] ; Guido P. Lombardi [Pérou] ; M Linda Sutherland [États-Unis] ; James D. Sutherland [États-Unis] ; Samantha L. Cox [Royaume-Uni] ; Muhammad Al-Tohamy Soliman [Égypte] ; Gomaa Abd El-Maksoud [Égypte] ; Ibrahem Badr [Égypte] ; Michael I. Miyamoto [États-Unis] ; Bruno Frohlich [États-Unis] ; Abdel-Halim Nur El-Din [Égypte] ; Alexandre F R. Stewart [Canada] ; Jagat Narula [États-Unis] ; Albert R. Zink [Italie] ; Caleb E. Finch [États-Unis] ; David E. Michalik [États-Unis] ; Gregory S. Thomas [États-Unis]Source :
- Journal of cardiology [ 1876-4738 ] ; 2014.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Aging (pathology), Aging (physiology), Atherosclerosis (etiology), Atherosclerosis (pathology), Chronic Disease, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, History, Ancient, Humans, Inflammation (complications), Male, Middle Aged, Multidetector Computed Tomography, Mummies (diagnostic imaging), Mummies (pathology), Paleopathology, Risk Factors, Young Adult.
- MESH :
- complications : Inflammation.
- diagnostic imaging : Mummies.
- etiology : Atherosclerosis.
- pathology : Aging, Atherosclerosis, Mummies.
- physiology : Aging.
- Adolescent, Adult, Chronic Disease, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, History, Ancient, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multidetector Computed Tomography, Paleopathology, Risk Factors, Young Adult.
Abstract
Case reports from Johan Czermak, Marc Ruffer, and others a century or more ago demonstrated ancient Egyptians had atherosclerosis three millennia ago. The Horus study team extended their findings, demonstrating that atherosclerosis was prevalent among 76 ancient Egyptian mummies and among 61 mummies from each of the ancient cultures of Peru, the American Southwest, and the Aleutian Islands. These findings challenge the assumption that atherosclerosis is a modern disease caused by present day risk factors. An extensive autopsy of an ancient Egyptian teenage male weaver named Nakht found that he was infected with four parasites: Schistosoma haematobium, Taenia species, Trichinella spiralis, and Plasmodium falciparum. Modern day patients with chronic inflammatory disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and human immunodeficiency virus experience premature atherosclerosis. Could the burden of chronic inflammatory disease have been a risk factor for atherosclerosis in these ancient cultures? The prevalence of atherosclerosis in four diverse ancient cultures is consistent with atherosclerosis being fundamental to aging. The impact of risk factors in modern times, and potentially in ancient times, suggests a strong gene-environmental interplay: human genes provide a vulnerability to atherosclerosis, the environment determines when and if atherosclerosis becomes manifest clinically.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2013.12.012
PubMed: 24582386
Affiliations:
- Canada, Italie, Pérou, Royaume-Uni, Égypte, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Angleterre de l'Est, Californie, District de Columbia, Missouri (État), Wisconsin, État de New York
- Cambridge, Los Angeles
- Université de Californie du Sud, Université de Cambridge
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Le document en format XML
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Lessons from ancient mummies.</title><author><name sortKey="Clarke, Emily M" sort="Clarke, Emily M" uniqKey="Clarke E" first="Emily M" last="Clarke">Emily M. Clarke</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of California, Los Angeles, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Randall C" sort="Thompson, Randall C" uniqKey="Thompson R" first="Randall C" last="Thompson">Randall C. Thompson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA; University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA; University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Missouri (État)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Allam, Adel H" sort="Allam, Adel H" uniqKey="Allam A" first="Adel H" last="Allam">Adel H. Allam</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Al Azhar Medical School, Cairo, Egypt.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country><wicri:regionArea>Al Azhar Medical School, Cairo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cairo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wann, L Samuel" sort="Wann, L Samuel" uniqKey="Wann L" first="L Samuel" last="Wann">L Samuel Wann</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Columbia St Mary's Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Columbia St Mary's Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Wisconsin</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lombardi, Guido P" sort="Lombardi, Guido P" uniqKey="Lombardi G" first="Guido P" last="Lombardi">Guido P. Lombardi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratorio de Paleopatologia, Catedra Pedro Weiss, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pérou</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratorio de Paleopatologia, Catedra Pedro Weiss, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lima</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sutherland, M Linda" sort="Sutherland, M Linda" uniqKey="Sutherland M" first="M Linda" last="Sutherland">M Linda Sutherland</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Newport Diagnostic Center, Newport Beach, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Newport Diagnostic Center, Newport Beach, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sutherland, James D" sort="Sutherland, James D" uniqKey="Sutherland J" first="James D" last="Sutherland">James D. Sutherland</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Saddleback Memorial, Laguna Hills, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Saddleback Memorial, Laguna Hills, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cox, Samantha L" sort="Cox, Samantha L" uniqKey="Cox S" first="Samantha L" last="Cox">Samantha L. Cox</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Cambridge, Cambridge</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Cambridge</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Angleterre de l'Est</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soliman, Muhammad Al Tohamy" sort="Soliman, Muhammad Al Tohamy" uniqKey="Soliman M" first="Muhammad Al-Tohamy" last="Soliman">Muhammad Al-Tohamy Soliman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Research Center, Giza, Egypt.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country><wicri:regionArea>National Research Center, Giza</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Giza</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abd El Maksoud, Gomaa" sort="Abd El Maksoud, Gomaa" uniqKey="Abd El Maksoud G" first="Gomaa" last="Abd El-Maksoud">Gomaa Abd El-Maksoud</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country><wicri:regionArea>Cairo University, Cairo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Cairo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Badr, Ibrahem" sort="Badr, Ibrahem" uniqKey="Badr I" first="Ibrahem" last="Badr">Ibrahem Badr</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Restoration, Alexandria, Egypt.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Restoration, Alexandria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Alexandria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miyamoto, Michael I" sort="Miyamoto, Michael I" uniqKey="Miyamoto M" first="Michael I" last="Miyamoto">Michael I. Miyamoto</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Mission Internal Medical Group, Mission Viejo, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Mission Internal Medical Group, Mission Viejo, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frohlich, Bruno" sort="Frohlich, Bruno" uniqKey="Frohlich B" first="Bruno" last="Frohlich">Bruno Frohlich</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">District de Columbia</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nur El Din, Abdel Halim" sort="Nur El Din, Abdel Halim" uniqKey="Nur El Din A" first="Abdel-Halim" last="Nur El-Din">Abdel-Halim Nur El-Din</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country><wicri:regionArea>University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>6th of October City</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stewart, Alexandre F R" sort="Stewart, Alexandre F R" uniqKey="Stewart A" first="Alexandre F R" last="Stewart">Alexandre F R. Stewart</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontairo, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontairo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ontairo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Narula, Jagat" sort="Narula, Jagat" uniqKey="Narula J" first="Jagat" last="Narula">Jagat Narula</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Mount Sinai, New York, NY</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">État de New York</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zink, Albert R" sort="Zink, Albert R" uniqKey="Zink A" first="Albert R" last="Zink">Albert R. Zink</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Bolzano, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Bolzano</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bolzano</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Finch, Caleb E" sort="Finch, Caleb E" uniqKey="Finch C" first="Caleb E" last="Finch">Caleb E. Finch</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region><settlement type="city">Los Angeles</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Californie du Sud</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Michalik, David E" sort="Michalik, David E" uniqKey="Michalik D" first="David E" last="Michalik">David E. Michalik</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Miller Children's Hospital, Long Beach, CA, USA; University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Miller Children's Hospital, Long Beach, CA, USA; University of California, Irvine, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, Gregory S" sort="Thomas, Gregory S" uniqKey="Thomas G" first="Gregory S" last="Thomas">Gregory S. Thomas</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>MemorialCare Heart & Vascular Institute, Long Beach Memorial, Long Beach, CA, USA; University of California, Irvine, CA, USA. Electronic address: gthomas1@memorialcare.org.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>MemorialCare Heart & Vascular Institute, Long Beach Memorial, Long Beach, CA, USA; University of California, Irvine, CA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of cardiology</title><idno type="eISSN">1876-4738</idno><imprint><date when="2014" type="published">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aging (pathology)</term><term>Aging (physiology)</term><term>Atherosclerosis (etiology)</term><term>Atherosclerosis (pathology)</term><term>Chronic Disease</term><term>Female</term><term>Gene-Environment Interaction</term><term>History, Ancient</term><term>Humans</term><term>Inflammation (complications)</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Multidetector Computed Tomography</term><term>Mummies (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Mummies (pathology)</term><term>Paleopathology</term><term>Risk Factors</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="complications" xml:lang="en"><term>Inflammation</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic imaging" xml:lang="en"><term>Mummies</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Atherosclerosis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Aging</term><term>Atherosclerosis</term><term>Mummies</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Aging</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Chronic Disease</term><term>Female</term><term>Gene-Environment Interaction</term><term>History, Ancient</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Multidetector Computed Tomography</term><term>Paleopathology</term><term>Risk Factors</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Case reports from Johan Czermak, Marc Ruffer, and others a century or more ago demonstrated ancient Egyptians had atherosclerosis three millennia ago. The Horus study team extended their findings, demonstrating that atherosclerosis was prevalent among 76 ancient Egyptian mummies and among 61 mummies from each of the ancient cultures of Peru, the American Southwest, and the Aleutian Islands. These findings challenge the assumption that atherosclerosis is a modern disease caused by present day risk factors. An extensive autopsy of an ancient Egyptian teenage male weaver named Nakht found that he was infected with four parasites: Schistosoma haematobium, Taenia species, Trichinella spiralis, and Plasmodium falciparum. Modern day patients with chronic inflammatory disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and human immunodeficiency virus experience premature atherosclerosis. Could the burden of chronic inflammatory disease have been a risk factor for atherosclerosis in these ancient cultures? The prevalence of atherosclerosis in four diverse ancient cultures is consistent with atherosclerosis being fundamental to aging. The impact of risk factors in modern times, and potentially in ancient times, suggests a strong gene-environmental interplay: human genes provide a vulnerability to atherosclerosis, the environment determines when and if atherosclerosis becomes manifest clinically.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li><li>Italie</li><li>Pérou</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Égypte</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Angleterre de l'Est</li><li>Californie</li><li>District de Columbia</li><li>Missouri (État)</li><li>Wisconsin</li><li>État de New York</li></region><settlement><li>Cambridge</li><li>Los Angeles</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Californie du Sud</li><li>Université de Cambridge</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Californie"><name sortKey="Clarke, Emily M" sort="Clarke, Emily M" uniqKey="Clarke E" first="Emily M" last="Clarke">Emily M. Clarke</name></region><name sortKey="Finch, Caleb E" sort="Finch, Caleb E" uniqKey="Finch C" first="Caleb E" last="Finch">Caleb E. Finch</name><name sortKey="Frohlich, Bruno" sort="Frohlich, Bruno" uniqKey="Frohlich B" first="Bruno" last="Frohlich">Bruno Frohlich</name><name sortKey="Michalik, David E" sort="Michalik, David E" uniqKey="Michalik D" first="David E" last="Michalik">David E. Michalik</name><name sortKey="Miyamoto, Michael I" sort="Miyamoto, Michael I" uniqKey="Miyamoto M" first="Michael I" last="Miyamoto">Michael I. Miyamoto</name><name sortKey="Narula, Jagat" sort="Narula, Jagat" uniqKey="Narula J" first="Jagat" last="Narula">Jagat Narula</name><name sortKey="Sutherland, James D" sort="Sutherland, James D" uniqKey="Sutherland J" first="James D" last="Sutherland">James D. Sutherland</name><name sortKey="Sutherland, M Linda" sort="Sutherland, M Linda" uniqKey="Sutherland M" first="M Linda" last="Sutherland">M Linda Sutherland</name><name sortKey="Thomas, Gregory S" sort="Thomas, Gregory S" uniqKey="Thomas G" first="Gregory S" last="Thomas">Gregory S. Thomas</name><name sortKey="Thompson, Randall C" sort="Thompson, Randall C" uniqKey="Thompson R" first="Randall C" last="Thompson">Randall C. Thompson</name><name sortKey="Wann, L Samuel" sort="Wann, L Samuel" uniqKey="Wann L" first="L Samuel" last="Wann">L Samuel Wann</name></country><country name="Égypte"><noRegion><name sortKey="Allam, Adel H" sort="Allam, Adel H" uniqKey="Allam A" first="Adel H" last="Allam">Adel H. Allam</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Abd El Maksoud, Gomaa" sort="Abd El Maksoud, Gomaa" uniqKey="Abd El Maksoud G" first="Gomaa" last="Abd El-Maksoud">Gomaa Abd El-Maksoud</name><name sortKey="Badr, Ibrahem" sort="Badr, Ibrahem" uniqKey="Badr I" first="Ibrahem" last="Badr">Ibrahem Badr</name><name sortKey="Nur El Din, Abdel Halim" sort="Nur El Din, Abdel Halim" uniqKey="Nur El Din A" first="Abdel-Halim" last="Nur El-Din">Abdel-Halim Nur El-Din</name><name sortKey="Soliman, Muhammad Al Tohamy" sort="Soliman, Muhammad Al Tohamy" uniqKey="Soliman M" first="Muhammad Al-Tohamy" last="Soliman">Muhammad Al-Tohamy Soliman</name></country><country name="Pérou"><noRegion><name sortKey="Lombardi, Guido P" sort="Lombardi, Guido P" uniqKey="Lombardi G" first="Guido P" last="Lombardi">Guido P. Lombardi</name></noRegion></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Cox, Samantha L" sort="Cox, Samantha L" uniqKey="Cox S" first="Samantha L" last="Cox">Samantha L. Cox</name></region></country><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Stewart, Alexandre F R" sort="Stewart, Alexandre F R" uniqKey="Stewart A" first="Alexandre F R" last="Stewart">Alexandre F R. Stewart</name></noRegion></country><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Zink, Albert R" sort="Zink, Albert R" uniqKey="Zink A" first="Albert R" last="Zink">Albert R. Zink</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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